10 Warning Signs of Breast Cancer

breast cancer :

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women, the second leading cause of cancer death in women after lung cancer. However, awareness campaigns, progress and development in early detection and treatment have contributed significantly to raising rates of breast cancer. It is now estimated that the rate of death from breast cancer is about 2.7%; that is, one in 37 women with breast cancer.

Symptoms of breast cancer in women :

The appearance of a new lump or bump that was not previously present in one of the breasts is the first symptom most commonly observed by women for breast cancer. This mass is often painless and irregular, but this does not mean that all breast lumps that do not meet these criteria Non-cancerous, in some cases of breast cancer may appear block of pain when touched or rounded and regular edges, the following are the most important symptoms and signs of breast cancer:

• Change the shape or size of one or both breasts, the entire or part of the breast.
• The surface of the skin is irritated to the breast by appearing as orange peel.
• Feeling of pain in the breast or nipple.
• The appearance of a rash on or around the nipple.
• Changing the shape of the nipple It is possible that the nipple will fall back inside.
• Redness of the skin tissue of the breast or nipple, and hardening.
• Exits are secretions other than breast milk, and these secretions may be accompanied by blood. The lymph nodes near the breast swell in the arm area or in the collarbone bone; in some cases, the cancer may spread and reach the lymph nodes even before the sensation of a lump in the breast.

Causes and risk factors for breast cancer :

Breast cancer occurs when a type of breast cell begins to grow and multiply very quickly and unnaturally, a lump or a cancerous tumor in the breast. It should be noted that these cancer cells are able to spread and reach the lymph nodes and other parts or organs of the body. There are a number of risk factors Which may increase the risk of breast cancer, but the availability of these factors in women does not mean the inevitability of cancer, doctors have noted that some women who have a number of risk factors did not develop breast cancer, and some women have had breast cancer despite Not and There is no risk factor for this type of cancer. Scientists have not been able to determine why this has been so far, but they have agreed that women's breast cancer is often the result of some genetic and biological Which increases the risk of infection by the type of cancer, including:

• Genetic factors; 5-10% of all cases of breast cancer are attributed to genetic mutations caused by family members that cause cancer. If a family history of cancer is found, women are encouraged to undergo special genetic tests to detect the possibility of any of these genetic mutations .

• Aging.

• Exposure to radiation therapy whether in childhood or puberty. Obesity.

• Puberty and the onset of menstruation at an early age before the age of 12 years.

• Delayed access to menopause or menopause.

• No pregnancy at all, or having the first child at a relatively late age, that is, after the age of 30.

• Alcoholic beverages.

• The use of hormone replacement therapy with estrogen and progestin after reaching menopause.

 Treatment of breast cancer :

In general, the treatment plan established by the doctor for the treatment of breast cancer depends on the specific type of breast cancer experienced by women, and its response to hormone therapy, and its spread or non-spread to other areas of the body, in addition to the age of women and their health, and can be divided treatment options available in the case Breast cancer also comes as follows:

• The doctor chooses to perform one of the following surgical procedures according to the condition of the patient: remove the cancerous lump in the breast and only part of the tissue around it to prevent the spread cancer.

•  Complete mastectomy. In some cases, the doctor may also remove part of the muscles in the chest area and lymph nodes in the armpit area. One or more lymph nodes are removed.

•  Radiation therapy: This type of treatment is based on directing radiation energy in breast doses, which in turn kills cancer cells and eliminates them. It is possible that women undergo this type of treatment after the eradication process to eliminate any remaining cancer cells. It should be noted that the treatment session Radiotherapy takes several minutes, and may be recommended by the doctor for 3-6 weeks, at a rate of 3-5 sessions per week.

•  Chemotherapy Chemotherapy is used in the event of cancer spreading to other parts of the body, or before surgery, to reduce tumor size and facilitate its eradication, or after surgery to reduce the risk of cancer recurrence or spread.

• Hormonal Inhibitory Therapy: This type of treatment is used if the type of breast cancer experienced by women is sensitive to hormones, whether before or after surgery.

• Biological therapy: In some types of breast cancer, drugs can be used to target cancer cells in particular, such as: Trastuzumab and Bevacizumab.